directions

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matsnorberg
Posts: 21
Joined: Wed Aug 09, 2017 12:58 am
Location: Uppsala

directions

Post by matsnorberg » Tue Sep 19, 2017 11:37 pm

Hi guys!

How do I say:

1) A lies due south of B.
2) A lies 3 miles due west of B.
3) The city was moves 10 miles toward the south.
4) The wind blows fron north.
5) The northern wind is cold.
6) The northernmost city of Sweden is Kiruna.
7) A is 3 miles futher southward from B than C.
8) Finland has more than 3 cities south of Kuopio.
9) The northernmost third of Wogaland's area is covered by mountains.

Mats



directions

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matsnorberg
Posts: 21
Joined: Wed Aug 09, 2017 12:58 am
Location: Uppsala

Re: directions

Post by matsnorberg » Thu Sep 21, 2017 10:02 pm

No answers yet!
I try to answer the questions myself instead and challenge you to find all my grammatical errors!

1) A sijaitsee B:sta etelään.
2) A sijaitsee B:sta kolme mailia etelään.
3) Kaupunki oli siirtetty kymmenen kilometriä etelämmäksi.
4) Tuuli tulee pohjoisesta.
5) Pohjoistuuli on kylmää.
6) Ruotsin pohjoisin kaupunki on Kiruna.
7) A sijaitsee B:sta kolme mailia ennemän kuin C:sta.
8) Suomessa on kolme kaupunkia Kuopiosta etelään.
9) Pohjoisin kolmasosa Wogalandin pinta-alasta on peitetty vuorista.

Upphew
Posts: 10748
Joined: Tue Apr 08, 2008 10:55 pm
Location: Lappeenranta

Re: directions

Post by Upphew » Fri Sep 22, 2017 11:10 am

4) Id probably just use "Tuulee pohjoisesta"
5) and just "kylmä" here. Pohjoistuuli tuo kylmää ilmaa viikonloppuna.
8) Kuopiosta etelään = due south of Kuopio, that would disregard SE or SW towns. Suomen kaupungeista Kuopiota eteläisempiä kaupunkeja on enemmän kuin kolme. That feels a bit forced to me. I would drop the Finnish from the sentence as it would be probably clear from the context.
9) ...on vuorien peittämä.
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matsnorberg
Posts: 21
Joined: Wed Aug 09, 2017 12:58 am
Location: Uppsala

Re: directions

Post by matsnorberg » Fri Sep 22, 2017 5:12 pm

First I want to thank you, Upphew, for your answers.

vuorien peittämä, yeah I should have geassed ... the agent participle!

Regarding kylmä or kylmää. I think this is one of the most tricky (and interesting!) questions of finnish grammar: when to use partitive after olla? Grammar books claim that partitive is to be used if the subject is divisible or absent. But I think that pohjoistuuli can be thought of as undivisible, sort of a definite thing. Also short adjectives tend to get nominative more often than long ones. I have to recall if I have seen an example in some text I have read. I believe in partitive in the following sentences but I can have misremembered:

Saunassa on lämmintä.
On ihanaa! (subject missing)
Rakkaus on ihanaa! (rakkaus indivisible)
Maito on valkoista. (maito indivisible)
Tämä on hauskinta, mitä minulle koskaan tapahtunut. (superlative).
On mahdotonta ymmärtää tätä. (long adjective, subject missing)
Hänen on parasta vastata rehellisesti.
Äidin oli mahdotonta unohtaa tätä.

Mats

Jukka Aho
Posts: 5237
Joined: Fri Apr 06, 2007 1:46 am
Location: Espoo, Finland

Re: directions

Post by Jukka Aho » Sat Sep 23, 2017 7:04 pm

matsnorberg wrote:2) A sijaitsee B:sta kolme mailia etelään.
Also often in the form A sijaitsee kolme mailia B:sta etelään. But both are fine. (Except that when writing or speaking to a Finnish audience, you’d typically express distances as kilometers.)
matsnorberg wrote:3) Kaupunki oli siirtetty kymmenen kilometriä etelämmäksi.
Probably just a typo, but siirretty.
matsnorberg wrote:5) Pohjoistuuli on kylmää.
Both kylmä and kylmää are acceptable. The choice would depend on the context and what you’re trying to say. Typically, though, you’d use more active expressions such as kylmä pohjoistuuli puhalsi tasangon yli or tuuli puhalsi kylmästi pohjoisesta.
viilee = informal spoken-language form of viileä

The pattern goes like eAee:

komeakomee
vihreävihree
nopeanopee
kimeäkimee
matsnorberg wrote:6) Ruotsin pohjoisin kaupunki on Kiruna.
The Finnish exonym for Kiruna is Kiiruna.

Some others:

Stockholm ➛ Tukholma
Umeå ➛ Uumaja
Luleå ➛ Luulaja
(Uppsala ➛ Upsala; old-fashioned / historical, now just Uppsala)
matsnorberg wrote:7) A sijaitsee B:sta kolme mailia ennemän kuin C:sta.
A sijaitsee kolme mailia kauempana kuin B.
matsnorberg wrote:8) Suomessa on kolme kaupunkia Kuopiosta etelään.
OK, but an alternative way: Kuopion eteläpuolella on vain kolme muuta kaupunkia.

(You could also use the verb sijaita.)
matsnorberg wrote:9) Pohjoisin kolmasosa Wogalandin pinta-alasta on peitetty vuorista.
Maybe the way Upphew put it. Or Pohjoisin kolmasosa Wogalandin pinta-alasta on vuoristoa/vuoristoseutua/vuoria ja ylänköä.
Last edited by Jukka Aho on Sat Sep 23, 2017 7:34 pm, edited 1 time in total.
znark

Jukka Aho
Posts: 5237
Joined: Fri Apr 06, 2007 1:46 am
Location: Espoo, Finland

Re: directions

Post by Jukka Aho » Sat Sep 23, 2017 7:22 pm

From the linked lyrics:

kii = colloquial short form of kiinni

että tarttuisit kii(nni) = “...that you’d hold onto (me)”

Literally: “...that you’d grab onto (me in a way that prevented me from getting/drifting away)”

Alternative interpretation which is grammatically valid but doesn’t fit the context: “...that you’d get (physically) stuck (to something unspecified; maybe a sticky surface)”... tarttua kiinni can be either an active act of holding onto something, or getting stuck to something.

riipuvainen is a typo, it should be riippuvainen.
znark

matsnorberg
Posts: 21
Joined: Wed Aug 09, 2017 12:58 am
Location: Uppsala

Re: directions

Post by matsnorberg » Sat Sep 23, 2017 8:24 pm

Thanks Aho!
Now I know a little more about geographical directions.

Mats


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