Metsä ja Puu - Tutkimus

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Rob A.
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Post by Rob A. » Wed Oct 17, 2007 9:18 pm

A few more links....

The first is an academic site at a Canadian university dealing with boreal forests around the world... the section on Finnish forestry is quite extensive...and to the extent it's accurate (...and I'm sure it is... :wink: :wink:) ...I would say Finnish forestry and attitudes towards the forests are very impressive... (I haven't read all the other parts of the site, but they look interesting too)

http://www.borealforest.org/world/world_finland.htm

Here's one on the forest fire situation in Finland...

http://www.fire.uni-freiburg.de/iffn/co ... i/fi_7.htm

...some interesting links in there, and some interesting comments on the views of Finnish forestry officials regarding the role of fire in forestry practices...



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Rosamunda
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Post by Rosamunda » Wed Oct 17, 2007 9:57 pm

The use of prescribed fire has decreased since the 1950's. The lack of forest fires has caused an impoverishment of biodiversity. In addition, the forests have become denser than before. It is envisaged that in the future prescribed burning programmes will be expanded in order to restore biodiversity. A "let burn" policy is currently being discussed. However, more research on burning behaviour in Finnish forests needs to be done before this could be implemented.

The use of prescribed fire is rare for agricultural maintenance or other vegetation management purposes


Yes, the article pretty much confirms the impression I had that wild fires are almost unheard of. I would add that in recent years (the article dates from 2001) nothing much has changed. I am not aware of any new "let burn" policies and the Karelian fires last summer were severly criticised: IIRC Tarja Halonen even called Putin to ask him to do something about it :lol:

Forests have probably become denser BUT in the last two years the market price of lumber has gone through the roof so presumably a lot of private owners are thinning out. Also the recent trend is to thin out rather than wipe out a forest as ecological sensitivities increase. The advantage of having MANY small, private forest owners is that it is quite easy to influence the industry through legislation. Give private forest owners a tax break and everyone will sell trees.... :wink: Give forest owners a subsidy for planting alder and they'll plant alder etc etc.

The "impoverishment of biodiversity" is not really a result of the forest fire policy (ie preventing them). It is more a result of the old afforestation policies from the 70s and 80s - when it was common for the larger corporations to clear out unwanted growth (ie birch in a spruce forest) leading effectively to monoculture - combined with the lack of forest fires.

Rob A.
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Post by Rob A. » Thu Oct 18, 2007 3:26 am

Yes...this reminds me of an "eco-forester" on Vancouver Island, near Ladysmith... Merve Wilkinson...he's a very old man now..well into his 90s...but quite the scrapper in his day...hates "industrial forestry"... I've got to dash now, but I'll look for some links later... Though the spelling of his first name is unusual enough, you should easily find references in Google. His property is called "Wildwood"...

EDIT:Some Merve links:

http://www.managingwholes.com/merve.htm

http://www.ecoforestry.ca/Wildwood.htm


...lots more links, just google using his name...

EP
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Post by EP » Thu Oct 18, 2007 3:02 pm

That Borealforest page is really interesting. Also no pseudo-scientific mumbo-jumbo there, but clear facts, and interestingly written. Thanks.
Also the recent trend is to thin out rather than wipe out a forest as ecological sensitivities increase.
I wish. We could use this Merve guy in south-eastern Finland. Just like Penelope I had thought that huge areas wiped out are something that was left in the 1970s. I had not seen a wiped out forest in 30 years, so this summer was a shock to me. We went to the cottage in the beginning of June, and right after we had turned from the main road to the forest road we saw HUGE areas with not a single tree on both sides of the road. Husband just shrugged his shoulders and said: "Well, looks like the owner´s daughter now has an apartment in the center of Helsinki." And we thought that that was it. But last month even bigger are was wiped out, and THAT is right next to where our forest begins.

BTW, look at that Merve. Not a youyng boy, but seems to be in very good shape.

Rosamunda
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Post by Rosamunda » Thu Oct 18, 2007 7:22 pm

Yes the prices were really high this year due to the lack of snow/ice last winter. The warm(ish) spring made it virtually impossible to get the logs out of the forest - the ground was way too soft. We had to get a 15 metre trunk down from the forest for our new sauna (the supporting beam for the roof); it was a real challenge. Eventually the local farmer came long with his brand new mega-tractor but he lost a set of chains in the process. So, there has been a big shortage of lumber this year and the prices have increased. I think the stripped out forests look awful, like some nuclear meltdown disaster zone, and the damage to wildlife must be substantial.

Rob A.
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Post by Rob A. » Fri Oct 19, 2007 12:12 am

EP wrote:I wish. We could use this Merve guy in south-eastern Finland.
Well from what I can tell ...as a general remark, Finland seems to have a higher level of respect for nature than you would generally find in Canada, though a significant part of the Canadian population is quite environmentally aware. And about Merve...well, guys like him are kind of rare everywhere I guess... Intelligent, energetic, and highly-principled... I guess you would say he has a "Victorian" personality... I remember other people like him when I was growing up... though they were rare back then and even rarer these days... I suppose it's the Victorian mindset at its best...
Just like Penelope I had thought that huge areas wiped out are something that was left in the 1970s. I had not seen a wiped out forest in 30 years, so this summer was a shock to me. We went to the cottage in the beginning of June, and right after we had turned from the main road to the forest road we saw HUGE areas with not a single tree on both sides of the road. Husband just shrugged his shoulders and said: "Well, looks like the owner´s daughter now has an apartment in the center of Helsinki." And we thought that that was it. But last month even bigger are was wiped out, and THAT is right next to where our forest begins.
Yes...You see just too much of that in the forests in my part of the world...it's not as bad as it was, but it still goes on... And it's not as though it doesn't cause other problems...fast runoffs during spring snowmelt; flooding; land slides (...and typically any nearby logger will get away with saying something lame such as it was an unusually heavy rainfall that caused the slide... We can easily see the problems poor forestry practices are having in China...every year now they have serious flood events...)

But you do need effective government policies to deal with forest issues...there are many other values involved...water and air quality, wildlife, recreation, climate on the macro-scale... To allow individuals to make their decisions "in a vacuum" is just too shortsighted... Almost always you will run into the "tragedy of the commons'....it is almost always in the individual's short-term interest to liquidate a long term asset like timber, unless they have inducements not to... That Helsinki apartment can look rather appealing... :wink:
penelope wrote:...I think the stripped out forests look awful, like some nuclear meltdown disaster zone, and the damage to wildlife must be substantial.
I agree...and on a small scale, just to show what happens, in the mid-90s there was a rather large residential development put in less than a kilometre from my house....it was part of a huge block of land that had once been a prison facility, built back when the area was quite rural. Part of the land was developed for housing, and the larger part of it was incorporated into a large suburban park. Anyway...we had an "invasion" of birds and other small animals ...squirrels and raccoons... fleeing the destruction... The connection really was obvious. The squirrels were both the native Douglas squirrel..pretty much equivalent to the British red squirrel, and the introduced gray squirrel...(yes the same culprit as in the "squirrel wars" going on in England)... Eventually the natural balance restored itself, but I'm sure I don't need to tell you which squirrel lost out...

EP
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Post by EP » Fri Oct 19, 2007 2:31 pm

The squirrels were both the native Douglas squirrel..pretty much equivalent to the British red squirrel, and the introduced gray squirrel...(yes the same culprit as in the "squirrel wars" going on in England)
Do you mean that the grey one won? I have heard of the UK "squirrel wars", and I have a friend who claims that the grey squirrel is trying to invade also Finland. I have never seen one, instead I see dozen red ones every day (they live somewhere under my carage ceiling), but he insists that grey ones are already here. He calls the grey one "American squirrel".

Rob A.
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Post by Rob A. » Fri Oct 19, 2007 9:34 pm

EP wrote:
The squirrels were both the native Douglas squirrel..pretty much equivalent to the British red squirrel, and the introduced gray squirrel...(yes the same culprit as in the "squirrel wars" going on in England)
Do you mean that the grey one won? I have heard of the UK "squirrel wars", and I have a friend who claims that the grey squirrel is trying to invade also Finland. I have never seen one, instead I see dozen red ones every day (they live somewhere under my carage ceiling), but he insists that grey ones are already here. He calls the grey one "American squirrel".
Not sure now if I was clear enough in what I said originally... The "squirrel wars" in my backyard ended in victory for the "foreigners"...the grey (American) squirrels...( the "official" common name over here is the "eastern grey squirrel"). I think the "squirrel wars" in England are still going on... :wink:

Here's a good link with a range map:

http://www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?id=89

Their natural range is the hardwood forests of the eastern US and the "hardwood" areas of Ontario and Quebec... They were introduced into the Vancouver area in 1914... Around here, they seem to like the more mixed forests and more open settings that you find in and around the urban centres... you don't seem to find them in the deep coniferous forests... For example, if I go hiking or bike riding in the mountains on the north side of Vancouver, you'll see them in the urban areas, but once you're in the mountain forests, it's back to the the native Douglas squirrel...

My cautious guess is that they will be more of an issue in the forests of central Europe than in the boreal forests, but I suppose any urban centre would be attractive...

So would they like Finland?? Well, like lots of other foreigners they might come to Finland ...Complain alot and tend to stay in the Helsinki area... :wink: But the wildlife experts might have other opinions...

Here are a couple more links... I like these squirrels; they are charming little critters... But if you don't already have them I certainly wouldn't want to have them introduced... In the eastern US they are actually hunted and eaten...yuk!!! But I don't know how many people would actually do that... There are probably a few Canadians that do that too, though it would offend the sensibilities of most Canadians...they are viewed by many people as a kind of semi-tame pet...

http://members.shaw.ca/kcic1/critter.html

http://www.goert.net/documents/InvFS_sciucaro.pdf

And they were introduced (escaped, I think) to Vancouver Island in 1966:

http://www.canada.com/victoriatimescolo ... bd492a&p=1

Rob A.
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Joined: Tue Feb 27, 2007 1:51 am

Post by Rob A. » Mon Oct 22, 2007 10:21 pm

On the weekend I read in one of the local papers that Robert Bateman...a well-known Canadian "wildlife" artist, was launching a campaign to raise the awareness level of children with regard wildlife and nature...

Here's the link:

http://www.gettoknow.ca/teachers/index.php

And the paper I read, had an approximation of the following quote:

The problem, as Robert Bateman describes it, is that we live in a society where youth recognize 1,200 corporate logos and fewer than 12 species of wildlife found in their communities. Robert Bateman wants to turn these numbers around. He believes that having students learn local species’ names and characteristics will create increased awareness and understanding for wildlife, which will in turn instill increased empathy for their well being. In short, he wants to facilitate young Canadians connecting with nature because he believes this is an important first step towards raising a generation who will care for the Earth’s well being.

...unfortunately, the link does contain a "Products" section, which always makes me suspicious about motive...but Bateman does have a good reputation, so I'm being "tolerant"... :wink: :wink:

Rosamunda
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Post by Rosamunda » Mon Oct 22, 2007 10:41 pm

I think the grey squirrels carry a disease, in the UK, which kills off the red squirrels though the greys are immune (just carriers). Very sad. And IIRC it is exactly the same situation with the crayfish in Finland. The American imports have killed off the locals through some virus or bacteria they carry.

The local squirrels are very tame, especially in places like the open air museum in Seurasaari where they pester visitors for food. We were there a few days ago and they were quite happy to run up our arms onto our shoulders to collect peanuts even though we had the dog with us (dog stared in disbelief). I have some great video circa 2001 of a squirrel that came into our kitchen and devoured a pot of freshly made (and still hot) strawberry jam, I managed to film him for about 15 minutes. He came back frequently after that and once I caught him trying to push a melon out of the fruit bowl. Disney couldn't do better!!!!

I do have a recipe for squirrel soup, but I have never made it, or been tempted to. My dh insists they are really just rats with a cute fluffy tail.


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