misu wrote:ChristinainLahti wrote:strange discussion, I would be grateful if my friends would correct me, because I do the same stupid mistake again and again and again, just because I think it´s correct, but actually it´s not.
Then you shouldn't mind if I point out that you're using a diacritical mark instead of a proper apostrophe.
Diacritical mark (what you're using) = ´
Apostrophe (what you should be using instead) = '
As you note, the latter character (
U+0027 APOSTROPHE) is semantically more correct than using a lone diacritic (
U+00B4 ACUTE ACCENT) – and the recommended, standard way of marking up an apostrophe if you have no other options available to you (as might sometimes be the case with old, behind-the-times computer systems, such as the database backends used by governments and banks) – but neither of them is the best choice for the purpose.
What you suggest using is the so-called ‘typewriter apostrophe’ or ‘
ASCII apostrophe’ – an old, typographically compromised, overloaded form harking back to the days when typewriters and early computers made no attempt at differentiating between genuine apostrophes (’) and the prime symbol (′) – or the opening and closing single quotes, for that matter – but lumped them all in one and the same compromise character/codepoint.
However, if you want to style your text in a typographically correct way, you will want to use the ‘typographic’ apostrophe (
U+2019 RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK): i.e. the apostrophe in its original, curved form (’), instead of having a slanted or vertical appearance. The old ‘ASCII’ or ‘typewriter’ apostrophe (') is better left for computer code and other technical markup (where it is usually the only allowed form, anyway.)
As for how to type these symbols, the input method varies a bit depending on your operating system (Linux, OS X, Windows) and the keyboard layout you use. Some environments include the various ‘typographic’ quote characters directly in their keyboard layout – typically behind a
modifier key of some sort. Some allow typing them in via a special sequence which includes the character’s numeric code. You could also use a special input utility, such as
Character Map, which comes with Windows, or copy and paste them from a text file or another document. Some application programs, such as word processors, commonly implement their own special key sequences which will produce these characters, or they might also feature an automatic conversion from the ‘dumb’ quotes and apostrophes to the ‘smart’ ones. One option is also creating an alternative, customized keyboard layout for yourself which includes the various special characters you will often want to use and makes them easy to type on your computer. (This is what I have done. For example, on my keyboard, the character U+2019 (’) is produced by typing
Alt Gr [labeled simply as the right-hand Alt key on some keyboards] and , [the comma key], so using it in any text is simple and effortless.)
More information:
(Yes, a similar situation exists for the ‘smart’ and 'dumb' quotes as well. Maybe even more complicated, as different languages traditionally call for different ‘typographic’ or ‘smart’ quoting styles. For example, in the German language text is quoted in a typographically correct way „like this” whereas in English, the preferred way is “like this” and in Finnish ”like this”. None of these styles use the straight, ‘dumb’, ‘ASCII’, ‘typewriter-style’ plain double quote character ["] you can easily get from your keyboard.)